Type 316 is a chromium nickel austenitic stainless steel containing molybdenum. The molybdenum addition enhances the corrosion resistance over that of 304 in halide environments as well as in reducing acids such as sulfuric and phosphoric acid. Type 316 can be dual certified as 316L when the composition meets the lower carbon limit of 316L. Type 316L should be specified for welded applications as the low carbon version eliminates chromium carbide precipitation and enhances the corrosion resistance in the as-welded condition.
Type 316 resists atmospheric corrosion as well as in moderately oxidizing environments. It also resists corrosion in marine atmospheres and has excellent resistance to intergranular corrosion in the as-welded condition. Type 316 has excellent strength and toughness at cryogenic temperatures and is non-magnetic in the annealed condition but may become slightly magnetic as a result of severe cold working.
In addition to its corrosion resistance, Type 316 stainless steel offers a strong combination of strength, toughness, and fabricability, making it well-suited for demanding applications. The addition of molybdenum improves resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion, especially in chloride-containing environments, which is why 316 is commonly used in marine, chemical processing, and fluid handling systems. It can be readily formed, welded, and machined, providing versatility while maintaining reliable performance in more aggressive service conditions than 304.
Stainless Type 316 Chemical Composition
Chemical Composition (wt%) limits as specified in ASTM A276 and ASME SA276*
| Carbon | 0.08 | Manganese | 2.00 |
| Chromium | 16.0-18.0 | Silicon | 1.00 |
| Nickel | 10.0-14.0 | Phosphorus | 0.045 |
| Molybdenum | 2.00-3.00 | Sulfur | 0.030 |
*Maximum, unless range is indicated
Stainless Type 316 Physical Properties
| Density, lb/in3 | 0.290 |
| Modulus of Elasticity, psi | 29 x 106 |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, 68-212˚F, /˚F | 9.2 x 10-6 |
| Thermal Conductivity, Btu/ft hr ˚F | 9.4 |
| Specific Heat, Btu/lb ˚F | 0.12 |
| Electrical Resistivity, Microhm-in | 29.4 |
Stainless Type 316 Mechanical Properties
Mechanical property requirements for hot finished product as specified in ASTM A276 and ASME SA276
| Yield Strength, min. (ksi) | 30 |
| Tensile Strength, min. (ksi) | 75 |
| Elongation, min. (%) | 40 |
Stainless Type 316 Standards
Typical standards for Type 316
| ASTM A276 |
| ASTM A479 |
| ASME SA276 |
| ASME SA479 |
Your Source for Stainless Type 316
At Double Eagle Alloys, we supply Stainless Type 316 in long bar, flanges, pipe, sheet, gaskets, fittings and header plugs engineered for these demanding services. Contact our team to learn how Stainless Type 316 can support long-term performance and reliability.
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Data shown are typical and provided for informational purposes only. Values should not be considered minimums or maximums for specification or final design. Actual product data may vary, and information may be revised without notice.